gynecology | Elbrecht's Corpuscle

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Since their inception, movies and television have glamorized the life of a physician, often intertwining personal stories of said physicians with the heroic acts they perform and the inherent braininess required therein.

This is only a mild reality.

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Sure, physicians are by-and-large smarter than the average bear, but it is our tireless work ethic, attention to detail, and self-loathing which provides us the ability to make such a significant impact in the lives of our patients.

There is little glitz, even less glamour, and only the occasional heroic act in the life of a physician. But the combination of these traits keeps many of us going back to work every day.

No. I mean EVERY day. As in… working EVERY. SINGLE. DAY.

In case you can’t tell I’m currently smack dab in the middle of my second year of Residency (aka PGY-2)… a time I have affectionately termed, “The Rise of Magneto.”

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Man-of-Steel-Trailer-Images-Henry-Cavill-as-Clark-Kent

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Though some more recent medical dramas have included the lives of Residents, this middle ground in the hierarchy of medicine is poorly understood and recognized.

After completing medical school, newly-minted physicians in the US must complete a Residency before becoming a physician capable of practicing on their own.

In the US, simply completing medical school is not sufficient to become a physician; no hospitals or physician groups will hire you; no insurance will reimburse you.

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Instead, you must prove your worth, knowledge, and skills by completing a Residency in the specialty of your choice.

Alas, the general public is not fully aware of this transitional stage in the professional life of a physician. There is either “you are a doctor” or “you are not a doctor”.

And if the patient is sitting in a gown, on an exam table or on a hospital gurney, while asking for medical help and you identify yourself as their physician, “you are a doctor.”

Which, in fact, you are.

Confused yet?

Well, I am too.

Because now that I’m half-way through my Residency, I am starting to find myself straddling the line between being a naive Intern and a full-fledged Attending.

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The major reason Residencies exist in the US is due to the wide swath of information and skills needing to be honed in order to provide adequate medical care in the 21st century (and the 20th century before it.)

The sheer breadth of knowledge acquired during these training programs is paramount to fully understanding the capabilities, pit-falls, and intricacies of the human body.

It also introduces physicians to the longitudinal aspects of caring for patients and their families.

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One night while I was an Intern (PGY-1), I responded to an overhead page from the Emergency room; my assistance was requested in the care of a critically ill patient.

Not exactly “my” assistance per se, but by being the Intern on-call, I was part of the team responding to patients who have such a severe infection as to be called “Septic“.

The woman was non-responsive, cool to the touch, and seemingly every square centimeter of her body was swollen with fluid.

Her vital signs on the monitor were tenuous. A quick scan of her body revealed a tube protruding from her pelvis, most likely a surgically placed catheter to drain urine from her bladder.

The daughter sat at the bedside, quickly describing the course of actions she believed could have led to the current predicament.

Despite her seated position at the bedside, her fear was palpable.

I thanked her for the explanation and informed her we would need to pursue aggressive measures to save her mother’s life. Without hesitation, she consented.

Over the next several days, her mother remained unresponsive in the Intensive Care Unit, her life supported by machines to keep her lungs delivering oxygen to her swollen body; medications kept her heart pumping that same oxygen to every fragile cell.

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But one day shortly thereafter, I arrived in the ICU and the mother was no longer in the room.

The bed was barren, immaculately cleaned, and prepared for the next critically ill patient.

She had died overnight, her body unable to sustain life despite the most aggressive medical interventions, all while I attempted to regain my cellular integrity through several hours of sleep in my own poorly-cared-for apartment.

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Six months later, I was working in the office of an Oncologist (a doctor who treats patients with cancer) preparing to see his next patient. While thumbing through her chart, he described the course of events leading her to seek his care.

When we entered the room, I saw a familiar face. The daughter of the non-responsive woman I just described. She smiled and greeted me, though I instantaneously recognized her palpable fear.

The Oncologist was surprised and said, “you two know each other?”

I responded, “yes, I cared for her mother.”

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There were no heroic acts which changed the outcome of the mother’s life. Unfortunately, there were no heroic acts to perform for the daughter either.

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In our current “illness-based” medical system, which more handsomely rewards interventions while people are ill, even Family Medicine docs like myself tend to more commonly encounter patients when they are in need, rather than when they are well.

{This is more a by-product of when people tend to seek out care, rather than a desire on most physicians part, as Family Medicine is predicated on prevention of illness.}

And sometimes the wellness and illness intersect.

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Having completed two months of Obstetrics and Gynecology during my intern year, as a PGY-2 I have become “eligible” to work 24-hour shifts on the Obstetrics service.

The Rise of Magneto, indeed.

{By eligible, I mean the cap on my consecutive hours able to be worked is now 24… And I am assigned to work said shifts based on my availability. Which is truly, whenever. But that is Residency. So be it.}

Within the first hour of working my first OB-24, I delivered the baby of a woman I had never met, which is common on the Labor & Delivery service.

After ascertaining the baby’s general health and wellness while identifying the absence of suturing opportunities in the woman’s vaginal canal, I calmly congratulated her, welcomed her son to the world, and exited the room to tend to another pregnant woman.

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baby-after-being-born

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One week later I was working in the Pediatric Emergency Department, my latest assignment as a PGY-2, when my eyes were drawn to a patient’s Chief Complaint on the Patient Tracking Board.

It read “fever, decreased PO intake”. I scanned over to the patient’s age and read, “7 days.”

On my first night in the Pediatric ED I had seen another 7-day-old with fever and decreased PO (oral) intake. I ended up performing a lumbar puncture that night on that child due to a concern for meningitis.

Thankfully, the test results came back showing that the child did not have meningitis. It recovered quickly and was home within two days.

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But that experience had quickly alerted me to the need to act quickly and decisively in order to prevent a dire outcome.

So I clicked my name next to this latest 7-day-old child and quickly proceeded to the patient room to evaluate him.

When I opened the door and introduced myself, the mother and I instantaneously recognized each other. She was gently rocking the boy I had delivered only 7 days previously.

“Doctor, please help him.”

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I had only a week before assisted his exit from his mother’s womb. I assured his mother we would care for him and made my way back to the area where an Attending physician was awaiting my assessment and plan.

While I alerted my Attending to the intimate relationship I possessed with this child and his mother, a few of the other Residents and Attendings happened to overhear the predicament.

They all began to listen in as I outlined my plan to perform a Lumbar puncture to assure he was not rapidly deteriorating at the hands of a bacterial foe.

My Attending agreed, looked at me intently, all the while recognizing my whole-hearted investment in this patient.

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There are few instances in medicine as intimate as the delivery as a child, and to have that same child fall ill and somehow end up back within your care in a completely different hospital on a completely different medical service only a few days later, is the essence Family Medicine.

We can be seemingly ubiquitous.

Thankfully, the young boy, only a week into his life, tolerated the Lumbar puncture; his cerebrospinal fluid was absent of life-eradicating bacteria or virus; he was sleeping comfortably in his own crib again within two days.

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The transition from “medically knowledgeable but clinically deficient Intern” to “clinically seasoned and seemingly knowledgeable Senior Resident” is one fraught with pitfalls: sleep deprivation, anxiety-producing clinical scenarios, life-and-death struggles, and glaring holes in medical knowledge.

But at the moment of greatest despair, when the chips are down, the night can’t end, the day can’t come soon enough, and the struggle to become a good physician seems out-of-reach, the Intern becomes a Senior Resident.

And reflects back on the do-or-die nights, the life-and-death days, the thankful patients, the grateful families, the new-born babies first squeel, and the meaningful and life-long relationships created in the cauldron of uncertainty…

… bringing on The Rise from Intern to Senior Resident.

In my case, The Rise of Magneto.

Life Sustains Us

Posted on May 3, 2015 by Elbrecht

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Part of the training to become a Family Medicine physician requires the Resident to have the ability to successfully assist a woman in the delivery her child. Depending on your religion, culture, and/or understanding of human biology, when the baby exits the vaginal canal and lets out its first cry, its life has begun.

Being a part of this experience has led Family Medicine to adopt a credo of “from the cradle to the grave”, as we have the unique blessing to care for patients from the beginning of life until death becomes us.

Nearing the end of my Intern year as a Family Medicine physician, I have now had the opportunity to train as a physician on the Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/Gyn) service two times. The first four weeks occurred in the first half of my year and were a whirlwind of stress and re-introduction to a field of medicine which I had barely survived as a student.

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During those four weeks, I constantly found myself on edge, not only because of my experiences as a student, but because I found myself as the least seasoned member of a team responsible for making sure each and every baby let out its first cry.

While a sense of relief and pride would wash over me when each baby boy or girl let out its first little squeal, most often while I was still holding it in my gloved hands, I was still tasked with several steps to assess the health of the mother after handing off the baby to the pediatrician who stood awaiting my delivery.

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Those additional steps were the cumbersome parts I would rehearse in my head while staring intently at the woman’s vagina as I used my fingers to create the space needed to assist the baby’s head from tearing perineal tissue. Often times, my mind would go blank as soon as the baby made its way into my arms.

After what seemed like an eternity, which properly calculated only totaled 4-5 seconds, I would begin assessing the mother’s health, including any vaginal lacerations which may need repair, massaging the fundus of her uterus to determine the likelihood of a postpartum hemorrhage, and carefully tugging at the umbilical cord still attached to the indwelling placenta.

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Typically within 10 minutes I would have transitioned from the foot of the bed, having delivered the newborn and the placenta, as well as completing the necessary postpartum assessments, to clickety-clacking away at the computer to document the successful delivery.

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My second go-around on the OB/Gyn service was nearly identical in substance to the first four weeks: women of different stages of pregnancy coming into Labor and Delivery Triage to be told if they were or were not in labor, often requiring me to perform speculum checks and cervical exams; actively laboring women begging for epidurals and anxiously awaiting their newborn while I paid hawk-like attention to the monitors assessing fetal heart tones and uterine contractions; rounding before the crack-of-dawn on women post-delivery, assessing their postpartum needs; and imparting my seemingly minimal medical and clinical knowledge of Obstetrics and Gynecology to the even less-knowledgeable medical students I was tasked with teaching.

But while the substance of the second four weeks was nearly identical, my experience as a physician training in this foreign world was markedly different. By the time I showed up for the second-go-around I was a substantially different physician; it is utterly unconscionable how much things had changed in five months…

how much things had changed in me…

how much things had changed in me as a physician…

how much things had changed in me as a physician responsible for the care of a pregnant woman and her unborn baby…

how much things had changed in me as a physician responsible for the care of a pregnant woman and her unborn baby while being the leader of the medical team.

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Suffice it to say, it was an overwhelmingly different four weeks. And by no means was I the lone physician paying excruciating attention to the women and their unborn babies, as I was assisted/supervised by a 2nd or 3rd year OB/Gyn resident and Attending physician, but the knowledge and experience I acquired during the initial four weeks allowed me a level of comfort in my own capabilities that I had not anticipated.

The knowledge and experience in regards to the medical aspects of physiology, biochemistry, and anatomy involved in OB/Gyn were certainly at the forefront of increasing my comfort level, but it was actually my knowledge and experience of the other members of the care team that proved to be my greatest asset.

Not that other medical services in the hospital don’t have exquisitely trained nursing staff, but the OB nurses are in a class all by themselves… and if you don’t respect that, they will bury you. Bury you in a world of cervical checks, bleeding vaginas, and spasming uteri.

Think about that for a second… spasming uteri. It used to give me chills even thinking about it… but that was way back when… when I was still learning about how life sustains us. Now I know to give some gentle uterine fundal massage. And run the pitocin wide open.

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Gray’s Anatomy… continued

Posted on March 21, 2015 by Elbrecht

Gray’s Anatomy… Part I

Other than the hub-bub of “gowning up” every time I needed to see a patient, I enjoyed the four weeks I spent on the Infectious Disease service for a few reasons. First off, our Attendings (the most senior physician who bears most of the underlying responsibility) had been stellar, taking the time and effort to teach us what we needed to recognize as physicians to take care of these growing humans.

Secondly, I enjoyed the day-to-day interaction with the 3rd year medical students who were on our service. I could remember being in their shoes only a few years earlier and had been fortunate to have a few interested Residents teach me how to become a physician. So in like mind, I put forth the effort to interject some critical thinking into their minds during rounds and support their own journey towards becoming a physician.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-OSI-9fo_5o

Yet, after a month of slipping into a yellow contact precaution gown and sliding a droplet precaution mask over my face every time I entered a patient’s room, I was elated to transition to the Hospital Pediatrics service, a mini-Clin Med of sorts.

While I was excited to be on this new service, I was shocked to see the amount of behavioral medical issues that came pouring through the ED. Nearly every night, there would be one or two more suicide attempts, psychotic breakdowns, violent traumas, or kids with simply bizarre behavior admitted on to our service.

Even more concerning, was the existence of a second Resident-run Hospital Pediatrics service, who would also “take on” an equal number of similar admissions each night. The number of admissions became so high that at one point a 3rd service was initiated, run solely by Attendings, only for the behavioral medicine admissions.

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There is some messed up stuff going on in this world… And one of the points of identification is the Children’s Hospital Emergency Department.

Thankfully, not all is lost and I cared for many children whose medical problems were cured by antibiotics, hydration, technologic advances, and surgical interventions. The look on a parent’s face when their child has survived a hospitalization is incomparable. The intimate relationship you can build over a few hours with another human being when you are their physician, or even more so their child’s, is at the core of why I chose this for my life.

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The next stop on the Internship Train was a month of Obstetrics and Gynecology. As I mentioned in Part I, my six weeks of Ob/Gyn as a student resulted in a two-week “Journey to Reclaim My Soul.” So I must admit, I came into the Ob/Gyn service as a resident with a bit of trepidation.

While I was excited to see the first breath of life for many new babies, when you know you are going to be the one sitting on a stool at the end of a bed as a woman pushes that oxygen-requiring baby towards you, there is a bit of responsibility that comes into play. Even armed with the knowledge that women have been delivering babies for centuries upon centuries with minimal medical intervention, when you are the one charged with helping the baby out of the vagina, it seems like the most monumental task in the history of mankind.

I had been allowed to assist in a couple of deliveries as a student, so I could roughly remember the feeling of a slippery newborn, but nothing prepares you (or specifically, me) to show up on Day 1 and deliver a baby.

But that is exactly what I did. And then again. And again. And again.

Each time it happened during the service was similar, but also dissimilar, to the last. My participation seemed to be the least natural thing I could possibly be doing at that given moment in time. Yet, I would go over and over in my head what I was supposed to be doing: where I should be putting my hands on the vagina, how I should cradle the baby’s head as it popped out, where I should clamp on the umbilical cord, who should I hand the baby to, and on, and on, and on.

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Until all of a sudden, the baby was resting on the mother’s stomach, I had delivered the placenta, cleaned the “birthing area”, counted the instruments and gauze pads, and was ready to tear off the sterile gown, gloves, face mask, and booties like Walter White leaving the meth lab.

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Upon exiting the birthing suite, I would congratulate the mother and surrounding family again, flash a broad smile, and feel the cortisol levels dropping in my blood stream.

A fitting follow-up to Obstetrics and Gynecology was a four-week vacation on our Surgery Out-patient service. Of course, this wasn’t actually a four-week vacation, but when the hours go from roughly 6A-6PM and 6P-6AM to 8a-5p and there are no screaming babies popping out of vaginas, everything seems like a vacation.

Unlike Ob/Gyn where each day was roughly similar in its expectations, this service was filled with a hodge-podge of different surgical specialties. In the Colo-Rectal surgeon’s office I saw more anuses and hemorrhoids than I would care to admit. On Wednesday mornings the Podiatrist would quiz me on foot X-rays and show me how to wield a scalpel on nasty diabetic foot ulcers. The general surgeon had me poking and prodding at inguinal hernias and draining abscesses.

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In order to remind us we were not on vacation, but actually real-life-physicians, I also spent a two weekends that month covering the In-Patient surgical service. In effect, it was the Clin Med for Surgeons: replacing electrolytes, ordering pain medications, changing wound dressings, and evaluating patients for surgical emergencies. Not exactly the exciting life of a Trauma surgeon, but I’ve done worse.

My 7th service found me back on… Clin Med. During our Intern year, we spend two months apiece on Clin Med and OB/Gyn, so making it back to Clin Med represented a half-way point in my year… and gave me the feeling I might actually make it after all.

Gray’s Anatomy

Posted on January 18, 2015 by Elbrecht

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The most prominent book on my mantle is Gray’s Anatomy, a text I received from a colleague with whom I worked at Man’s Greatest Hospital. After many hours spent working side-by-side in the Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, she felt it was a fitting gift as I embarked on my mission to becoming a physician.

Nearly six years later, I’m an Intern in a Family Medicine residency program, trying to learn how to become the quintessential doctor.

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I spent the first six months of Residency filling many different roles, each of them markedly different from the one before or after. I have been an Internist, Clinician, Gynecologist, Primary Care Provider, Nocturnist, Infectious Disease specialist, Pediatrician, Teacher, Obstetrician, Podiatrist, and Trauma Surgeon. I have also become an even bigger fan of sleep than I ever could have imagined.

The copy of Gray’s Anatomy which I received is a facsimile of the 1901 version, the 15th edition of Henry Gray’s medical masterpiece of the human body. Not much has changed in human biology in the past 113 years, but Gray’s experiences as a physician and lecturer at the Royal College of Surgeons is probably somewhat different from what I experienced in the past six months… or perhaps not.

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Day 1 of Residency I was assigned to our Internal Medicine service, responsible for running around the hospital admitting patients, providing them care, discharging them home, all while hoping I’d done a serviceable enough job teaching them about their medical ailment to prevent a hasty return to the Emergency Department.

Of the services we staff as Residents (service = four-week stint as a physician of a specific branch of medicine), Internal Medicine at my Residency is the most labor intensive, sleep-depriving, nerve-wracking, hair-splitting service of them all. The official name is Clinical Medicine, or Clin Med for short (or Clin Dred when you know the next four weeks are about to evaporate into the ether).

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Somehow I became one of the two “lucky” lottery winners to be a first-year Resident assigned to Clin Med. My partner was a friend from medical school whom I had known since the beginning. We were paired with two senior Residents, who ostensibly had been the highest functioning first-year Residents on the Clin Med service the previous year and were thus chosen to be our medical mentors.

The ensuing four weeks were so busy that I spoke to my friend for exactly 8 minutes and 11 seconds during the entire month (that includes the time it took to type text messages).

I was told being chosen to start on the Clin Med service should be considered an honor… basically meaning that during my time as a student at the same program the previous year, they had come to the conclusion I would not be responsible for the early demise of any patients who would be placed under my care.

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I thought it comparable to being told I would be allowed to be the first person to jump out of an airplane without a
parachute. Low and behold, not a single patient died under my care; or really had any significant downturn in their medical malady.

The days were filled with trying to learn how to navigate the choppy waters of a medical institution and its systems, and the computer programs which allowed me to chart on my patients, along with a physician’s responsibility of percussing my patients’ backs, feeling for pedal pulses, listening to a heart beat while gently pressing along a radial artery, writing perpetually changing orders, and allowing for my own bodily functions to occur when I had a moment.

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At the end of the month, I took a deep breath, realized I had survived my first service as a Resident, glanced at the
Gray’s sitting on my mantle, and wondered aloud, “what the hell just happened.”

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After a month of learning on the fly about how to be a functional physician in a fast-paced hospital environment, the following two weeks were a nice respite, a smattering of out-patient visits to social service providers in Columbus, office visits by established patients in our out-patient office… and a couple of shifts in the Gyn Clinic.

My experience as a medical student during the six week rotation of Obstetrics and Gynecology were by far the worst of my clinical training. I only survived it by forming a bond with two other colleagues who were equally averse to the responsibilities therein. After that rotation I spent the next two weeks traversing around the Eastern half of the US, visiting old friends, drinking away the memories on an adventure I called “The Journey to Reclaim My Soul.” Sticking a speculum, or even worse, my sterile-gloved fingers, inside women I had met only moments prior wasn’t exactly why I had decided to become a physician.

Stepping foot inside the Gyn clinic was a bit of a flash-back to days of yore. Days I would rather forget. But, I chose to become a Family Medicine physician because I wanted to experience a full-scope of practice, so I needed to use those memories to help the new women I would have asking me about their privates.

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In the midst of those two weeks, there were a smattering of half-days in the office, where patients would come to their appointment expecting to see me; not some doctor who happened to be available. They had formally been told I would be their physician. It was a bit of a culture shock unlike what I experienced on the In-Patient service, where people arrived in the hospital hoping for someone with a medical background to cure their ails.

This time, they were expecting “Dr. B.” Whether or not they liked me or thought I was helpful would determine if they would think of me as “Dr. Bullshit” or “Dr. Badass.”

Two short weeks of community clinic visits, office appointments, and speculum insertions were followed by flipping my schedule and going on night-call for two weeks.

It evoked memories of my life for the six months prior to Residency, when I had worked overnight; Except I was traversing the ED, the emotional rollercoaster of my equally sleep-deprived senior Resident, and the perils of septic shocks and intubations at 3am, rather than deciding which return bin to toss some junk into at Amazon.

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It had not started smoothly, as my transition back to nocturnal life stymied my brain’s ability to function on the level necessary for a physician. By the end of the second night (by night I mean at 6am, 12 hours into our shift), my senior Resident, 9 years my junior in age, and I had a tit-for-tat critique of each others performance.

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And when I say “tit-for-tat” and “each others”, I mean, I got my ass handed to me and had to sit there and take it like a man. By the end of those two weeks though, he and I were having a nice breakfast reminiscing about all the crap we had successfully lived through together.

Gray certainly didn’t write anything about that in his book; I checked.

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The first two months of Residency seemed to last forever, but at the same time, it seemed to be over before I knew it. The next two months were spent down the street at the nationally recognized Children’s Hospital, where it is customary for the Interns of my Residency to spend back-to-back months there learning the medical art of Pediatrics.

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I was only starting to get the hang of being a Resident by that time, making the transition a bit of a shock to the system as I needed to learn all new faces and an all new electronic medical record; all while assimilating to the hierarchy of a whole new medical specialty.

The Residents of Children’s Hospital learn the ins and outs of treating babies, children, adolescents, teenagers, and the occasional grown adult still suffering from their pediatric medical maladies… I needed to become one of them quickly. The assimilation process when you are a physician is expected to occur over the course of a couple of hours; not a few days or weeks.

So of course I started on the Infectious Disease service right as a never-before experienced scourge affectionately known as “Asthmageddon” swept the Midwest.

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Asthmagedden was a region-wide exposure to a newly recognized virus, Enterovirus D68, which was causing babies and children of all ages, with and without previous asthma afflictions, to show up in the Emergency Department in Status Asthmaticus, a diagnosis indicating the inability of the respiratory tract to respond to front-line medical therapy, causing a constant difficulty in breathing.

http://www.wcpo.com/news/health/healthy-living/watch-respiratory-illness-ev-d68-found-in-ohio

Enterovirus typically affects the gastrointestinal tract, causing horrible diarrhea and concomitant dehydration, but as evolution has shown us, a few changes to a gene here or there and all of a sudden a new Enterovirus emerges, now equipped to attack the lower respiratory tract.

Children who had never wheezed, the most common sign of asthma, were having their bronchi inflamed by the virus, making it difficult for air to pass. As somebody who grew up with asthma, I can attest that this is a terrifying feeling.

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7EDo9pUYvPE

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Some of these children were so sick they were immediately admitted to the Intensive Care Unit to receive the most minute-by-minute care to assure they would not suffocate from a blocked airway. These critically sick children by-passed our normal Infectious Disease unit, but as their symptoms resolved, they would be shuttled to our unit to continue their care alongside the children who were not as severely afflicted.

Of course, a Pediatrics Infectious Disease unit is also full of little tykes with butt abscesses, whooping-cough, diarrheal illnesses, crusty eyes, and non-remitting otitis media (ear infections); and a whole host of anxious parents, who typically become the biggest concern of Residents.

After seeing all of this, I’m re-thinking my plan of having children one day, if at least so I don’t need any psychotropic medications when my kids get sick.

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The first three services were a whirlwind of cognitive adventure, psychological daring, and physical extremes. When I hung up my scrubs on the last day of Pediatric Infectious Disease, it was with the knowledge I was only a quarter of the way through Intern Year.

Gray’s Anatomy… continued